Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. These mood swings are more severe than the normal ups and downs that everyone goes through from time to time. It is characterized by episodes of euphoria (mania) and depression, which can affect a person’s sleeping pattern, judgment, behavior, and ability to think clearly. People with bipolar disorder can have periods in which they feel overly happy and energized and other periods of feeling very sad, hopeless, and sluggish. In between these episodes, many people with bipolar disorder are free of mood changes, but some individuals may experience lingering symptoms.

The causes of bipolar disorder are not completely understood but involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. The condition often runs in families, indicating a strong genetic predisposition. Stressful life events or unregulated lifestyle patterns may trigger its onset or exacerbate its symptoms. Managing bipolar disorder typically involves a combination of medications and psychotherapy tailored to each individual’s needs. Since it’s a lifelong condition, ongoing treatment is required to maintain control over symptoms and improve the quality of life for those diagnosed. Understanding and support from family and friends play an essential role in the successful management of bipolar disorder.