Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These fluctuations can significantly affect an individual’s relationships, work, and overall functioning.
There are several types of bipolar disorder, each with its own set of symptoms and severity. The most common type is bipolar I disorder, which involves episodes of mania and major depression. Bipolar II disorder involves periods of hypomania (less severe than mania) and major depression.
Other variations include cyclothymic disorder (milder but longer-lasting mood swings), rapid cycling (four or more mood episodes in a year), and mixed features (symptoms of both mania and depression at the same time).
Bipolar disorder is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and biological factors. It often runs in families and may also be triggered by significant life events or substance use.
Treatment for bipolar disorder typically involves a combination of medication, therapy, and lifestyle changes. Mood stabilizers are commonly prescribed to help manage symptoms, while psychotherapy can help individuals learn coping skills and manage triggers. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.